Health risks of air pollution in Europe – HRAPIE project. Recommendations for concentration–response functions for cost–benefit analysis of particulate matter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide

Overview

This document presents recommendations for concentration–response functions for keypollutants to be included in cost–benefit analysis supporting the revision of the EuropeanUnion’s air quality policy. It provides a response to a question posed by the EuropeanCommission in the framework of the WHO “Health risks of air pollution in Europe – HRAPIE”project. The essential background to this response was developed through a review ofevidence on health aspects of air pollutants summarized by an earlier WHO project, “Reviewof evidence on health aspects of air pollution – REVIHAAP”. This report recommendsconcentration–response functions and associated background information for severalmortality and morbidity effects associated with short- and long-term exposure to particulatematter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide.This publication arises from the HRAPIE project and was co-funded by the European Union.